Introduction

The largest application for copper. Wire rod is drawn into cables and winding wires for power transmission, generators, transformers, and motors. Copper bars are used in switchgear, busway systems, and grounding.

Copper tubes are widely used for water supply, HVAC, and gas piping due to excellent corrosion resistance . Copper sheets are used for roofing, cladding, and decorative facades — the natural patina can protect buildings for over a century.

Copper rods are machined into valves, pumps, fittings, and heat exchanger components. Copper strip is used for radiator fins, stamped parts, and EMI shielding.

A conventional vehicle uses 20–30 kg of copper in wiring harnesses, radiators, brake lines, and motors. Electric vehicles require 3–4 times more copper, and copper foil is used in battery anode current collectors.

Copper tubing is the core heat-transfer component in air conditioners, refrigerators, and freezers. Its high thermal conductivity and workability enable compact and efficient heat exchangers.